Health Content // Can PCOS Cause Fertility Problems?*

For couples in 2018, parenthood is an overwhelming task. The expectations of motherhood and fatherhood have evolved in comparison to 100 years ago, with men encouraged to take a more active role in the raising of a child. And yet, the opportunity to have children cannot be taken for granted; around 3.5 million women in UK have been diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome, affecting the likelihood of fertility.

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So, what is PCOS?
It is a common cause of fertility problems, with around 5-10% of women being diagnosed with it in the UK, according to PCOS UK in 2018. Therefore, it is important to recognise the symptoms and understand the complications it brings about in terms of conception. One of the main elements of PCOS is an imbalance in female sex hormones, and excess androgen, the male sex hormone. It is this imbalance that can prevent mature eggs from developing and being released. Without a released mature egg there is no ovulation, and through this, infertility.

How do I know if I have it?
Initial symptoms of PCOS include missing your menstrual cycle and having irregular periods. These irregular periods then may lead to the development of cysts in ovaries. Other symptoms include:

1. Hirsutism- too much body hair, particularly on the face, chin and back.
2. Acne
3. Weight gain
4. Darkening of skin in specific places- along neck creases or in the groin
5. Skin tags around armpits or neck area.

Women with PCOS are often found to have depression and anxiety too.

Is there a cure?
No, there is no cure for PCOS. However, there are ways to alleviate the symptoms. Similarly, although the condition may complicate fertility for many people, women can get pregnant and still have PCOS. Cosmetic options are available to have reduce the more aesthetic effects of PCOS, as well as medicine to try and address the hormonal root cause.

Living with PCOS
Managing your weight is very beneficial for those diagnosed with PCOS. Dr Sarah Jarvis states that “even losing 5% of your weight can result in a significant improvement of PCOS”. Watching what you eat if you are overweight helps with your health in general, not just for improving your chances of fertility. If you’re planning on trying for pregnancy, there is plenty of cause for optimism, as fertility trackers can help you identify when you’re ovulating to ensure you have the best chance at conceiving, and medication and surgery can help to stimulate ovulation when you really need it.